The graph of the exponential function always has the same shape, whatever the admissible base: it passes through the point (0;1)(0;1), it always stays above the xx-axis (which is a horizontal asymptote) and it increases if a>1a>1, decreases if 0<a<10<a<1. From these few properties — domain, image, monotonicity, injectivity, asymptote — follows everything needed to solve exponential equations and inequalities.